Different Types And Patterns Of The World - 1187 Words

It is early in the morning, and women in Hindu families all over the world are preparing to begin their day. As the women in these families, they have many duties and rituals that they perform daily for them and their families. After washing up, they clean the house and make sure that everything is properly decorated. Next, they prepare the place that they are going to perform a ritual where they make something called a Kolam. Kolams are made in many different places, there are different types and patterns, and there are many reasons that Kolams are said to be made. First, I want to look at what they actually are: A kolam is a drawing that is typically done at the entrance of a house and is created from rice flour. Kolams are not only made for the entrance of a house however. Kolams are also made for things other than every day activities such as weddings and in front of temples, which are considered sacred kolams that are not to be touched. Kolams are drawn for festivals and many other special events. Although there are several traditional patterns, kolams do not always have a pattern and the creativity of the drawing is left up to whomever is drawing it. Kolam is practiced only by women and is taught to the younger girls in the family by the mothers. They are very intricate drawings and there are certain ways in which the women go about drawing them. The place that the women prepare for the kolam is cleaned and then dampened with water in hopes that the dried flourShow MoreRelatedIs Diabetes Mellitus A Serious Condition?917 Words   |  4 PagesDiabetes mellitus is a serious condition that has been spreading around the world. Researchers are interested in this condition because it presents a challenge. The goal of diabetes mellitus is to manage the amount of glucose in the blood. Researchers have come up with data driven models to help manage the glucose in patient’s blood. 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Why South Korean Universities Have Low International Rankings Free Essays

In the first portion of this essay, the grounds ‘Why South Korean Universities Have Low International Rankings ‘ ( Paul Z. Jambor in Academic Leadership: The Online Journal, 2009: Volume 7 ; first issue ) are clearly laid out from legion points of positions refering to two outstanding international rankings ; the Times and the Shanghai rankings ( QS, World A ; Shanghai, 2008 ) . Herein, different facets affecting the complex relationships between pupils and professors every bit good as between pupils, decision makers and the establishments are shown to account for the comparative low rankings of South Korean universities on an international graduated table. We will write a custom essay sample on Why South Korean Universities Have Low International Rankings or any similar topic only for you Order Now That is to state, South Korean universities may really good fall low on international rankings due to the relatively big flexibleness pupils are afforded during the class of their university surveies. The ground I decided to compose this paper is largely because a figure of my co-workers have gone to lengths in converting me to compose about the pupil side of the overall image in add-on to the grounds laid out in the first portion of this essay. Therefore, I am taking this chance to sketch for you a comprehensive organic structure of concluding and grounds in an effort to demo that the hassle-free atmosphere Korean university pupils find themselves in may good be a important clincher for the below mean criterions at South Korean universities. In consequence, this is shown by the low international rankings of Korean universities in both the Times and the Shanghai rankings ( QS, World A ; Shanghai, 2008 ) . As clearly demonstrated in the first portion of this essay, South Korean high school pupils perform good above norm academically in the countries of mathematics, reading and scientific discipline. In comparing, South Korean university pupils find themselves dawdling behind on the international forepart due to the lower criterions of station secondary instruction in Korea, as is exemplified by the rankings of South Korean universities. All in all, while Korean high school pupils are under great trades of force per unit area in run intoing the educational demands set out for them by the Korean Ministry of Education, university pupils however find themselves overly involved in student/sports festivals and extracurricular activities that keep their heads off their educational chases. Furthermore, the institutionally recognized grounds for pupils to lose categories are merely unheard of in most ‘higher ranked ‘ academic establishments. On the whole, Korean university pupils have it relatively easy and few of them seem to take at least their freshers and senior old ages of university instruction every bit earnestly as they should, with many claiming that they in fact do small analyzing in their first-year twelvemonth. On the whole, they may merely be immersed in serious instruction in their sophomore and junior old ages. That is to state aside from the relaxed fresher environment, many pupils in their senior twelvemonth are easy let out of holding to go to categories if they had already found employment before the decision of their surveies, possibly as a consequence of a ill-conceived effort by their disposals to better the pupil employability figures of their establishments. With all these factors combined, since at least 50 per centum of the Times superior system is sentiment based with 40 per centum based on a system of equal reappraisal and ten per centum based on a system of employer reappraisal ( QS World ; Methodology, 2008 ) , it is merely logical to reason that any ineffectualness in the Korean station secondary system of instruction would non travel unnoticed by the ‘peers ‘ and the ’employers ‘ who are being surveyed. Consequently, this would constantly take to lower rankings on a planetary graduated table. The Post High School Break For the most portion the South Korean secondary system of instruction puts pupils under a great trade of force per unit area in readying for the SAT ( Standard Achievement Test ) to acquire into the universities of their pick. What is more, in add-on to the clip pupils spend in high school, they spend long eventides in auxiliary private educational establishments, analyzing 15 hr yearss ( Dillon, 2008 ) , to fix for the SAT. Not surprisingly, South Korean 15 twelvemonth olds do good in mathematics and reading harmonizing to The Programme for International Student Assessment in 2006 ( PISA, 2006 ) . Assumingly, Korean university decision makers are good cognizant of this and are therefore likely to let pupils to hold a comparatively stress free academic twelvemonth as freshers in order to do up for the old twelvemonth of adversity caused by being overworked. Student Surveies My pupil studies reflect this really same point. That is, a important figure of pupils frequently point out that the work load in my Academic English class is inordinate, nevertheless, I would respectfully differ. To be exact, they merely have to manus in 3 written assignments, at less than one page each. Furthermore, there are merely four ratings, two of which are written, one of which is a presentation and the last one being a group treatment trial. All things considered, that barely accounts for an inordinate work load. When I ask my pupils when they study and how much of it they do, frequently times they claim that they ne’er study. Even though this is nonfactual grounds and it may non keep true in all instances, it is yet another indicant that pupil class tonss are instead light in relation to their high school old ages. By and big, pupils do acknowledge that they did more perusal in high school than in their first-year twelvemonth of university, and this does talk volumes for why South Korean universities are ranked relatively low internationally. One would believe that it is merely every bit valuable to hold higher ranked universities, therefore better university pupils, as it is to hold high executing 15 twelvemonth olds, nevertheless, there should be no alibi for South Korean universities to keep their pupils to take down criterions than the high schools that precede them. After all, to hold universities with higher criterions of instruction than those found in high schools would merely be the reasonable thing to make since it is best to raise and non drop the criterion of instruction at each new phase of a immature grownup ‘s educational development. The Annual Student and Sports Festivals Talking sanely, it is safe to presume that there is a clear advantage for pupils to experience comfy at their establishments, yet still disputatiously it may be overreaching acceptable boundaries when many South Korean station secondary establishments make it criterion for their pupils to take the bulk of a hebdomad off each for a pupil and athleticss festival in the spring and autumn semesters. It is the same as giving pupils the big portion of two hebdomads off from an full twelvemonth of their surveies in order to take part in activities that are incidental and more significantly non-academic. Even if pupils are required to come to category at least a few times during the hebdomad of the pupil festival, they are however insufficiently functional as a consequence of the orgy imbibing that goes on during the class of the hebdomad. Even professors are encouraged by their sections to imbibe with their pupils at the beer collapsible shelters. This is for the most portion done as a trade off for the categories that are persuaded to be cancelled by the several sections. All in all, it may non come straight to mind for those in charge that imbibing on weeknights has lay waste toing effects on the coherency degrees of non merely the pupils but besides the professors/instructors in the forenoons to follow. Therefore, irrespective of the figure of existent cancellations, even the categories which are quickly held output low academic consequences. What is more, particularly freshmen pupils, extremely instrumental in puting up and running of the pupil beer collapsible shelters where pupils gather by sections to imbibe together, are frequently excused from category lawfully so they can put up their drink collapsible shelters during the class of the pupil festival. Customarily, the pupils selected for set-up responsibility are frequently excused from go toing regular categories. Relatively Insufficient Excuses for Absences Aside from the institutionally recognized absences during the hebdomad of the pupil and athleticss festivals, leave taking for graduation photo-shoots are for the most portion considered as legitimate absences in the position of the station secondary system. More significantly, pupils are even excused from their regularly scheduled categories in order to look for their annual category and single exposure shoots. What is more, a figure of establishments allow female pupils to be excused for one twenty-four hours a month due to their premenstrual rhythm spasms. Possibly the statement could be made that this is instead unneeded pattern as it is non an equal alibi in higher graded establishments. The South Korean Army Service for Young Men As for my male first-year pupils, most of them miss a twenty-four hours of categories to travel to their ‘Army Test ‘ . This is a standardized physical scrutiny for immature Korean males who are of weaponries bearing age get downing at the age of 19. What is more tragic is that the Korean authorities frequently drafts a important part of male freshmen pupils during the center of the semester alternatively of waiting till the terminal so they could at least have the opportunity to finish their semester of surveies. These pupils frequently miss months of instruction. Taking this catastrophe into history, universities frequently get professors to establish these pupils ‘ classs on the work they had completed up to the point of their military bill of exchange. This is yet once more lost clip in category. After holding completed two old ages in the armed forces, the returning pupils are allowed to get down the semester every bit much as one month into the class. In consequence, it is possible for pupils to lose about an full semester, holding completed merely over a semester of surveies, and still acquire credited for holding concluded both semesters. The Senior Year Employment Excuse What I find the most distressing is the inclination of Korean universities to allow pupils out of go toing a big part of their senior twelvemonth of surveies, all in the hopes of bettering the figures related to the employability of their pupils. On one peculiar juncture, I was even called by one of my former section caputs promoting me to pardon a senior pupil from an full semester of surveies as a consequence of him holding found a occupation less than half manner into his senior twelvemonth. What should be even more distressing is that senior pupils on juncture discovery work in Fieldss unrelated to their big leagues, and still they are able to utilize this employment as an acceptable alibi to lose an full semester of categories. While it is standard pattern for professors and teachers to give some kind of out of category undertaking to these pupils, the sort of work they are able to give them seldom makes up for the schoolroom experience and cognition they could hold gained by really taking active functions in the categories. The Inefficiency of the Heavy Course-load It is true that South Korean pupils have a heavy category burden in their freshers twelvemonth, taking portion in every bit many as 20 hours worth of categories, however, it seems to be inefficient from the point of position that such a high per centum of them can still acquire off without really making any analyzing exterior of the schoolroom, as they frequently claim to make. All in all, it may really good be more advantageous for Korean university pupils to take portion in more efficient instruction with fewer categories that yield higher work loads. The Differential Treatment of Foreign Instructors/Professors by Students What is more, bad reappraisals by foreign professor and teachers frequently find their manner into the unfastened for all to see and therefore farther damaging the reputes of the several establishments. To be precise, the differential intervention of foreign professors by Korean pupils may besides travel far in this regard. It is true that â€Å" in the Chinese Confucian tradition, ‘teacher ‘ is the most well-thought-of profession † ( Hofstede, 1986:304 ) and harmonizing to Cortazzi â€Å" Confucianism, with its accent on household values and regard for age and acquisition, has been peculiarly influential on the Korean manner of life † ( Cortazzi in Finch, 2000: Ch. 2.4.2 ) . What is more, Underwood states that â€Å" Korea is a Confucian society. Everyone is Confucian, including the Christians † . ( 1998:85 ) However, the high degrees of regard systematically expressed to Korean pedagogues by Korean pupils is seldom conveyed toward the foreign professor/instructor as Confucianism has no established system of behavior toward aliens. Under the Confucian bequest, there is no proviso for pass oning with aliens who are by definition beyond the kingdom of prescription of the proper human relationship under Confucian moralss. Koreans are really polite and follow an luxuriant etiquette but merely toward insiders. They can be rather ill-mannered toward aliens. ( Yum, 1987:84 ) Possibly about automatically, this alone places the mean foreign professor/instructor outside of the Confucian hierarchy, hence being afforded a different criterion of intervention and regard by non merely the pupils but besides the disposal. Case and point, while Korean professors are frequently showered with gifts and congratulationss on instructor ‘s twenty-four hours, this does non look to be the instance for the mean foreign professor/instructor. At least this does non look to be the instance based on personal experience and the experience of a important figure of my co-workers. But of class, my non-Korean pupils are for the most portion much more acute on wishing me a happy instructor ‘s twenty-four hours and are seldom hesitating to bow to all their professors, irrespective of race and nationality. This in itself speaks volumes about the Korean station secondary pupils and their Confucian upbringing. After all, it is non uncommon for Korean pupils to bow to Korean professors in the hallways or at any other organized event. Students even stand up when a Korean professor walks into a room or any public assemblage. Of class this is seldom the instance with foreign professors. In fact, Korean pupils frequently treat foreign professors as if though they were simply their friends. At times they even call foreign professors by their first names, which of class is straight-out rude with regard to the standard intervention toward Korean professors. All in all, the standard behavior toward foreign professors by Korean pupils is really careless, for the most portion nothingness of the deep respect Korean professors are shown. Possibly this is besides because Koreans have â€Å" no experience of diverseness † and â€Å" no openness to difference † ( Underwood, 1998:91 ) . Conceivably, due to the non-authoritarian instruction attack of the foreign professor/instructor, pupils may non see the demand to demo the same sum of regard toward the mean alien as opposed to the mean Korean. This difference in intervention between foreign and Korean professors/instructors, nevertheless, does non travel unnoticed by the foreign professors. Often times this is difficult for the ‘foreigner ‘ to get down and it goes far in estranging the foreign professor in what should otherwise be a professional instruction environment where race and nationality should hold small to make with the regard a individual is afforded. What is more, I have even been told by decision makers at one of the station secondary establishments I work for that â€Å" the tennis tribunals are merely for the Korean staff, hence, you can non utilize them. † Subsequently, this was changed to â€Å" the tennis tribunals are merely for tenured staff † , but of class, for the most portion, merely the Korean staff has the opportunity to be tenured. Afterwards the diction changed yet once more and I was told that â€Å" even though the tennis tribunals are usually reserved for tenured staff, an exclusion can be made so you can utilize it. Just do certain you pay the enrollment fees. Besides, make your best to acquire along with the Korean staff and attempt non to do them experience uncomfortable. † Now what in the universe could I perchance do to do them experience uncomfortable? Throw balls or rackets at them? Surely I am non traveling to make that. Overall, this blunt inclination by the disposals tends to direct the incorrect message to pupils, and the ensuing corporate prejudice does be given to estrange foreign professors at the several establishments. Surely, there is a existent likeliness that this has an indirect but negative consequence on the international rankings of Korean universities. That is to state, the word has the inclination to acquire out of Korea, and it is rather sensible to presume that this sort of repute goes far in carrying the ‘peers ‘ and ’employers ‘ , taking portion in the studies conducted by QS Times, to rank Korean universities comparatively low internationally. Keeping in head, that merely Seoul National University made it into the top 200 universities harmonizing to the Shanghai rankings and merely three Korean universities qualified for the top 200 group of station secondary establishments in the Times rankings ( QS, World A ; Shanghai, 2008 ) . This is possibly the bi ggest sarcasm, for it is likely that the differential intervention of the foreign staff may really good hold the most far making effects with respect to the low rankings awarded to Korean universities by the equals and employers being surveyed by QS Times. After all, their combined sentiments accounting for 50 % in weight when it comes to the clinchers used to set up the overall rankings ( QS Times ; Methodology, 2008 ) . Figure 1: The Times Higher Education Methodology Index Explanation Burdening Academic Peer Review Composite mark drawn from equal reappraisal study ( which is divided into five capable countries ) . 6,354 responses in 2008. 40 % Employer Review Score based on responses to employer study. 2,339 responses in 2008. 10 % Faculty Student Ratio Score based on pupil module ratio 20 % Citations per Faculty Score based on research public presentation factored against the size of the research organic structure 20 % International Faculty Score based on proportion of international module 5 % ( QS Times ; Methodology, 2008 ) With the equal reappraisal index accounting for 40 % of the entire weight used to cipher international rankings, would it non be a reasonable thing to handle co-workers as peers. That is to state, the really same co-workers that are treated indifferently by Korean pupils and station secondary establishments, every bit good as their friends with whom they portion personal experiences, could really probably do up a significant per centum of the equals make fulling in the studies. This would certainly ensue in the prescription of lower ranks to South Korean universities and therefore Korean parents would be more inclined to direct their kids to analyze at higher graded universities in the United States. After all, â€Å" Traveling to U.S. universities has become like a immense craze in Korean society, and the Ivy League names – Harvard, Yale, Princeton – have truly struck a nervus, † ( Harvard alumnus ; Victoria Kim in Dillon, 2008 ) . Person please state the people in charge of the Korean station secondary establishments for they can no longer afford to let this increased inclination for pupils to analyze abroad as it leads to augmented fiscal strain on the pocketbooks of Korean parents. Overall, Koreans need to take instruction back into their ain custodies and go truly independent in footings of both secondary and station secondary instruction. They owe themselves at least this much. Decision Taken as a whole, Korean establishments and pupils every bit good as policy shapers need to take the above mentioned factors into serious consideration as the transparence of the state of affairs at the several Korean postsecondary establishments is inevitable given the nature of today ‘s planetary society being linked up by the World Wide Web. All in all, they must go more concerned with the likely clinchers that may really good put them in lower ranks internationally. South Korea is non in a bubble, and every attempt must be made to guarantee that Korean pupils are held to international criterions, if the purpose is to better Korean post-secondary establishments on a planetary graduated table. Furthermore, the criterion for attending on all foreparts must be brought to international degrees and the Korean authorities should take the necessary stairss to do certain that male pupils are non pulled out of school half manner into the semester. What is more, universities themselves would be better off in leting pupils back into the pupil population merely when the semester is get downing and non every bit far as a month into it. Besides, establishments should guarantee that senior pupils complete their concluding twelvemonth of surveies and non be allowed to complete early in a mere attempt to better employability statistics. Furthermore, much attention should be taken to guarantee that pupil and athleticss festivals do non hold such profound impact on pupil attendings. Possibly, more significantly, foreign pedagogues should be exposed to the same degree of regard and the same sort of intervention as is the instance with the Korean pedagogues. All in all, the universe is acquiring smaller and smaller with each go throughing twelvemonth, hence, it is imprudent to presume that what goes on behind closed doors stays behind closed doors for the doors have long been opened and the walls have for a piece been crystalline. All in all, any uneffective, deficient and colored patterns at the several establishments should be rooted out at all costs so that Korean station secondary establishments can derive a better stance on today ‘s planetary phase. Most significantly, the differential intervention of foreign professors at Korean universities must discontinue to be as it may travel far in destroying the repute of Korean universities worldwide. Ultimately, it should be stated that it is non my purpose to knock Korean station secondary establishments, nevertheless, I do hold it necessary to pull public and institutional attending to any factors that are likely to lend to the comparative low rankings of Korean universities. This is needed so policy shapers and those groups of people in charge of the establishments can eventually admit that the jobs are echt and therefore be given ample consciousness and chances to efficaciously undertake the debatable issues. Overall, this would travel far in bettering the international rankings of Korean station secondary establishments and as a ensuing effect provide better chances for Korean pupils on a domestic degree, therefore going a win-win state of affairs for all parties involved. 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Preprofessional Practice for the Clinical Laboratory

Question: Describe about preprofessional practice for the clinical laboratory. Answer: In this case Joe claims that his mother is hospitalized and he needs to call to the hospital to check on her. He asked me to take care of his pending job while he is busy to talk to the hospital. According to the ASCLS code of ethics, every individual has a duty to his or her profession and colleagues. The colleagues should maintain their unity and respect the dignity of each other (Turgeon, 2015). Therefore, in such a condition, when there is an urgent need or the employee has a tension like Joe, it is perfectly fine to ask for help. The other employees should also co-operate in such condition. However, gradually he has started taking advantage of this situation and almost leaving his entire work on me. Moreover, he is spending his time to chat with someone else in the excuse of calling his mother which is not ethically correct. It is mentioned in the ASCLS code that the employees should have dedication towards their duty (Turgeon, 2015). He is not following that and wasting his time by putting the burden of his work on me. There are also other codes of ASCLS, which he has violated. According to the norms, one should maintain a reputation of integrity, reliability and honesty. Joe has lied to me that he calls his mother during his absence of work. I have seen him talking to another employee of the other department for several times while he gives the same excuse of calling to the hospital. What Joe is doing, is violating the ASCLS ethics. According to the ASCLS rules, he can ask for help from his colleague if he needs (Turgeon, 2015). But other than that he should be liable to his duty and he must not create any problem to his co-workers. Except the time when he is calling to the hospital or his mother to know her condition, he needs to focus on his work. His negligence is affecting my work and putting extra pressure on me while he is spending his time by doing nothing but just talking to his friend. Even when I talked to him about this, he did not accept his fault and behaved badly. He should also change this kind of behavior, as this is not ethical to behave with a colleague in such a way who is helping him a lot. He has also lied to his colleague that is totally unfair both professionally and ethically. To maintain a healthy work environment it is very much needed to have a reliability and integrity among the co-workers. One should also be honest to other employees to build a trust and bonding among the employees. Joe has violated these rules of ASCLS by lying to me and by taking undue advantage of my help and sympathy towards him. In such situation, the first thing that I should do is to talk to him about the problem. I already talked to him and tried to make him understand but that did not work. I should give him another chance and make him understand the ASCLS ethical codes. I should also inform how he is violating the codes and I must warn him about the consequences of violating the rules and showing such negligence to his work. Now I should inform and ask to the higher authority to warn him for his negligence towards his work. A warning from the higher authority may work in this case. Prior to complain, I should warn him from my side about the fact that if he continues to ignore his duties and responsibilities, then I will complain about this to the higher authority. After listening this, he may stop the unnecessary wastage of time that he is doing. Reference: Turgeon, M. L. (2015).Linne Ringsrud's Clinical Laboratory Science: The Basics and Routine Techniques. Elsevier Health Sciences.

Vodafone Company in the United Kingdom

Introductions An organization strategic position is very important in determining how the organization is going to deal with changes in the local and global market. An organization that has well defined and specified strategies is likely to succeed in maximizing profits and in promoting innovation.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Vodafone Company in the United Kingdom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Competition among organizations in an industry can be quite detrimental to an organization’s success. In order to overcome the various challenges in the business sector, a business should have well defined strategies and objectives in order to fit in the dynamic business world (Sherif, 2006). Business strategies are wide and encompass a wider scope. The main scope of a business strategy will encompass areas which include but not limited to the following: legal position of the business, social and econ omic environments, management structure, and the financial position of the organization (Sherif, 2006). The following research paper is going to evaluate and find out the various strategies taken by Vodafone Company in the United Kingdom in order to realize its goals. The various environments include the legal environment, management structure, operational and financial issues, social and economic environments and the impact of potential change factors. Background information Vodafone is a leading multinational telecommunication company in the United Kingdom. The company has its headquarters in London, UK. Vodafone is the world’s largest telecommunication company in terms of revenues. The company is the world’s second largest company in terms of subscribers, coming second after China Mobiles (Books Llc, 2010).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The compan y has its operations in over 30 countries and has partners with over 38 networks in other countries worldwide. Vodafone has operations in various regions around the world. These regions include Africa and the Middle East, The American region, the Europe region and the Asia- Pacific region. The company deals in a variety of products and services. The main product and services being offered by Vodafone include mobile money transfer services, mHealth solutions, voice calls, data calls, internet services and sell of mobile and related accessories (lbbot, 2007). Discussion The legal environmental The legal environment will always dictate the limits of operations of a business. Various countries have various legal policies, restrictions and guidelines that dictate how an organization should conduct its activities. Any non compliance to these legal policies and guidelines is considered a breach of law which is punishable in courts (Ibbot 2007). Also, various countries have various legal re quirements for registering a business organization. These requirements ensure that a business conducts the legal business activities it was registered for. For any business to be legally recognized, it must meet the set requirements in the region of its operation. In the United Kingdom where Vodafone has its headquarters, there are various legal requirements and policies a business must observe and adhere to. Some legal requirements of a business in the United Kingdom include compliance with paying taxes, conducting the legal business a business was registered to do, protecting the customers from product and services fraud (lbbot, 2007). Like any other company in the United Kingdom, Vodafone UK adheres to the various legal requirements in the United Kingdom. The company has been able to fulfill all the needed legal requirements for registration. The company has also, on several occasions, been named the best tax payer and tax compliance company in the United Kingdom (Books Llc, 2010 ). All the above scenarios indicate the company has a good legal structure and system. It also indicates that the company follows and adheres to various legal policies, requirements, regulations and guidelines. The company has various ways and measures that ensure customers are not exploited and that they get the best services and products.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Vodafone Company in the United Kingdom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through advertisements and forums, the company is able to enlighten the consumers about their products and services. Also, the company has a well structured complaint system where customers are able to login air their complaints. The complaint systems enable the company to have continuous improvement in their products and services. This eventually leads to the creation of products which adhere to the legal quality standards. The company has also received some ISO: 9001 certificates and recognitions. These recognitions indicate that the company is adhering and is at the forefront in promoting quality products and services to consumers. The company has a faster feedback response system when a customer reports a malfunctioning in a particular product. In some cases, the customer is refunded their money or the product replaced. This is done by the company in a bid to adhere to consumer protection legal policies (Books Llc, 2010). Management structure The management structure may be defined as the arrangement of hierarchy of power in an organization. This structure will largely determine how organizational activities are going to be managed. Managers are the people who are mandated with the task of managing various functional areas within an organization. Managers perform various duties which include planning, controlling and directing among others (LexixNexis, 25). The extent to which these activities are managed will depend on the competence of the managers. If these activities are well managed, then the company is going to perform well in terms of efficiency and effectiveness.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Vodafone UK success in terms of revenues and clientele base has been attributed to its well qualified management team. The managerial team is made up of highly qualified and specialized individuals. The company management structure is in such a way that it fosters and promotes interaction between the various functional areas. This interaction increases mobility as well as dependence among various functional areas (Flood, 1997). The organization structure is also structured in a way that information flow is two way. The structure fosters information flow upwards and downward the organization chart. The bi-direction flow of information ensures that the managers are furnished with the operational information which they can use to make decisions. The bi-directional flow also ensures that the operations staff is furnished with information about the business policies and decisions (Slaa Klaver, 1992). The bi-directional flow also builds trust between managers and employees. This trust en sures that employees are well motivated and eventually leads to creativity and innovations. Also, the trust creates a sense of belonging where individuals feel part and parcel of the organization. The following diagram illustrates the organization structure of Vodafone Operational and financial position Vodafone UK is one of the best companies in the United Kingdom with the best operational and financial status. The company’s operations are well managed and are of a high standard. The high quality of operations is geared towards the provision of high quality services and products to consumers. The operations at Vodafone are almost real time in the sense that most of the operations are automated. This has increased the response time in the company which guarantees customer satisfaction (Borman Williams, 1994). Also, the company has a feedback mechanism which ensures customers are able to express their complaints and compliments. The company has a well structured quality depa rtment that ensures that the feedback collected is acted upon immediately. This has increased the response time in the company. The company embraces the emergence of new technologies in their operations which ensures that the consumers get the best from the company’s network. The company has been able to embrace new technologies like fibre optics which has high speed in data and voice transfers (Borman Williams, 1994). Vodafone is the world largest telecommunication company in terms of revenues. The company is the world second largest company in terms of subscribers, coming second behind China mobiles. The company has, on several occasions, emerged the best taxpaying company in the United Kingdom. This indicates that the company is performing well in terms of financial capabilities. The company has a strong financial base which has seen the company invest in other regions as well as create partnerships with other networks (Borman Williams, 1994). Social and economic positio n of the company Every business is created with the aim of making profit. Profit making should not be the only major and key focus of businesses. The business should also concentrate on promotion of social corporate responsibility, and business ethics within their area of operations. Vodafone Company is not an exemption. The company has been at the forefront of promoting various social corporate responsibilities like sports. For example, the company has been able to sponsor Manchester United football club as part of the company’s social responsibility (Sherif, 206). As stated earlier, Vodafone Company is one of the best performing companies in the United Kingdom. This has placed the company in a better economic position since the company is able to re-invest the extra profits made in other revenue generation activities. This trend of reinvesting in other countries has made Vodafone the fastest growing telecommunications company in the world. The company has been able to obtai n major shares in various telecommunications companies around the world. Impact of potential change factors For any organization to survive in the current dynamic world, then change is inevitable. A company’s ability to adapt to change is highly determined by the financial as well as the strategic position of the company (LexisNExis, 2005). If the company is strategically placed and has a good financial base, then the company is better placed to adapt to change. On the other hand, if the company is not well strategically placed, and has a weak financial base then the company can be on the brink of collapse (Sherif, 2006). Business changes are not only changes in the technology field but also changes in the physical environment, political changes and economic changes. For example, the company remained stable in the recent global financial crisis period. Despite the economic changes in the global market, the company remained at the forefront in providing its services and produc ts to consumers. The company is also well placed in adapting to changes in information technology. The company has developed mechanism and ways of accommodating the changes in information technology (Flood, 1997). The only threat the company is faced with is the climatic and environmental changes. Climatic and environmental changes affect the company in the sense that they inhibit and reduce the strength of the communication signals. During the winter season, the effect is even diverse since the frozen frost weakens and inhibits the transmission of the communication signals (Flood, 1997). Conclusion and recommendation In conclusion, Vodafone Company has been able to withstand the dynamics in the global market and become one of the largest telecommunications companies in the world. The company has always been embracing continuous improvement which has seen the company be at the forefront in promotion creativity and specialization. The company is also better placed in adapting to the various economic, political and technologies changes due to the large revenue base of the company. As a recommendation, in order to withstand and overcome the stiff competition in the telecommunications sector, the company needs to invest more in the provision of internet services. The company should develop its product and services in order to be the leading internet service provider in the United Kingdom. Also, in order to overcome the climatic and environment changes, the company should invest more in the transmission of high quality signals which are less affected by climatic changes. The company should also invest in fiber optic data transfer. Fiber optic data transfer will offer high data connectivity speeds. This high data connectivity speeds will increase the data transmission rates, hence increasing efficiency. Reference List Books Llc. (2010). Vodafone: Mclaren, Verizon Wireless, Vodafone Market Share,  Roshan, Digicel, Bharti Airtel, Vodafone Essar, Crazy John’s, M-Pesa. Mephis: General Books LLC. Borman, M Williams, H. (1994). Telecommunication: exploring competition.  Amsterdam: IOS Press. Flood, J. (1997). Telecommunication networks. New York: IET. Ibbot, C. (2007). Global networks: the Vodafone-Ericsson journey to globalization and  the inception of a requisite organization. London: Palgrave Macmillan. LexisNExis. (2005). The mobile internet. New York: Information Gatekeepers Sherif, M. (2006). Managing projects in telecommunication services. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons. Slaa, P Klaver, F. (1992). Telecommunication: new signposts to old roads. Amsterdam: IOS Press. This research paper on Vodafone Company in the United Kingdom was written and submitted by user Dorothy R. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Conflict in Syria Essay

Conflict in Syria Essay Conflict in Syria Essay Conflict in Syria In 2011, protests spread throughout the country of Syria to bring down the president of Syria, Bashar al-Assad and started a civil war. The U.S. is considering using force in Syria because Bashar al-Assad used chemical weapons against protesters, which is an international law to not use any chemical weapons, and killed more than one hundred-thousand Syrians. Should the U.S. get involved with Syria? The best option the U.S. should take towards Syria is to work with the International Community to end the civil war. This option is best because we are not putting ourselves in harm’s way, it is best to hear others’ options with this kind of situation instead of going ahead, and using more violence is definitely not the answer to stopping this conflict. Cooperating with the International Community would be the best way to end the war because we will not harm ourselves in any ways possible. We are in debt already so we would not be able to afford another war. We also do not want to lose any soldiers or hurt any innocent bystanders. The U.S. should try to compromise with other countries for a much better peaceful solution. Working with others is the best way to end this conflict is because we need a solution that best fits for everybody. The U.S. acting alone will lead not only resentment towards the country, but will hurt the ability to influence a diplomatic solution in Syria. The U.S. should wait until other countries authorize similar military action or, as said before, come up with a peaceful solution that fits for everybody. The U.S. should be a part of the solution, not the conflict. Using force on this matter will not help with anything but will harm not just ourselves but others also.

What Are the Best Questions to Ask at a College Fair

What Are the Best Questions to Ask at a College Fair SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips A college fair may not feature popcorn and carnival rides- sorry, folks!- but they area great source of information for prospective college students. Coming prepared with a detailed plan, including a list of questions to ask at a college fair, will make sure you get the most out of your experience. This is often your first chance to meet with a school's representatives, so use that time wisely! The most important thing you can do to make the most of a college fair is to prepare ahead of time. Don't go into a college fair with no idea what you're doing or why, or you'll be wasting the college representative's time as well as your own. This collection of college fair questions and tips will help you have a better experience at your next college fair. This type of event is primarily a low-pressure way to learn more about schools that interest you, but having questions to ask at a college fair can also give you a head start over other applicants. You won't find any of these cuties at a college fair. What Is a College Fair? You won't find any prized livestock at a college fair, unfortunately. These events consist of college admissions representatives ready to talk with prospective students about attending their schools. You can find local college fairs through your high school, admissions counselors at colleges, college mailing lists, and the National Association for College Admission Counseling (NACAC). College fairs are great for not only getting more specific information about the colleges you already know about, but also for finding schools you've never heard of. That's why it pays to have questions ready ahead of time; your perfect school might not be one that's on your list! The real benefit to college fairs is that you can get information straight from the source, including answers to questions not available online. Any bit of extra info can help you make an informed decision about which college you want to attend, especially if you're looking for specific information about campus life, program specifics, and other nitty-gritty details. Will Attending a College Fair Help Your Admissions Chances? Here's the short answer: visiting a college fair probably won't make a huge difference in getting into a college. Meeting with a representative at a college fair isn't going to astronomically raise your chances, but itwill give you the extra information you need to make an informed decision about what school is right for you. So what effectcan attending a college fair have on your application? For colleges that factor demonstrated interest- that is, showing interest in attending a college through visits or other means- it could mean you register a little brighter on their radar. If you really want to make an impression, consider following up with colleges after the fair; this shows that you're not just interested in any school, but that one in particular. Lycoming College Admissions Director Jessica Hess says, "Calls to the college, campus visits, attendance at local area events, whether or not they open our emails and how many links they click on, research, attendance at high school college fairs- that all counts as demonstrated interest." That said, not every school factors in demonstrated interest. Even for those that do, it's just one part of a successful college application. Meeting with a college at a college fair might be a positive, but it won't help if you don't already have a stellar application. Instead, focus on getting as much information as possible from a college fair- information will be far more beneficial in helping you choose the right school and tailor your application effectively. "Demonstrated interest" makes you a bigger blip on the radar. How Should You Prepare For a College Fair? First, you'll want to be able to say, off the top of your head, what your GPA is, what honors or AP classes you're currently taking or plan to take, and any activities you're interested in or currently involved in. This information can help a college representative give you more helpful answers to your questions. Next, you'll want to set some goals. Be realistic, here- college fairs run around three to four hours, so you'll need to prioritize. Don't worry about talking to every single school there, and don't approach a college fair as a means of selling yourself directly to the colleges in question. First and foremost, a college fair is for you to learn more about the schools. You should use this event as an opportunity to get information, not as a trial run for your application. Schools will be meeting with many students in just a few hours, so you're unlikely to make a lasting impression. Use your time to learn rather than putting on an impressive show. With that in mind, think about questions like how many schools you want to talk to and what information you want to get out of them.Also, be sure to preregister! Not only will you get advanced information about what colleges will be there to help you plan better, but if you register through NACAC, you can get a barcode containing all your personal information. Colleges can scan that and make it easier to connect with you afterward. Consider which schools you'd most like to talk to, and compare that to the list of schools that will be attending. Create a list of around a dozen schools to visit, but don't feel like you need to get to every single one of them,because it's also important to spend a little time meeting with schools you haven't heard of. Prioritize! Which colleges on your list do you already have enough information to make a decision about? Those ones can go lower on your priority list, unless they're a dream school- then you should use the opportunity to speak to someone face-to-face about attending. But more than anything, you want to spend your time getting answers to questions you can't find online. Once you've made your list of schools you want to visit, make another list of things you'd want to know before committing to a college. This can be anything- admissions rate, what clubs they feature, whether your major is even offered there. Then, spend some time Googling to find the answers yourself. When you have a school representative in front of you, use them to answer the questions the school website can't! Check school websites and other sources to eliminate the most basic answers, and cross those questions off your list. With only a few hours, you're going to need to maximize your time. Questions to ask at a college fair shouldn't be things you can easily find online. A list will help you stay on track in every conversation. The Best Questionsto Ask at College Fairs It can be helpful to group your questions to ask at a college fair into categories. Organization will help you make sure you don't miss anything as you're talking with admissions officers. Here are some possible topics and sample questions you might want to include: Academics What programs are you most proud of? Are first-year students given priority for picking courses? What programs are the most popular? How does my favorite class in high school translate into a major? What help is there for students who speak English as a second language, who use American Sign Language, or who experience learning differences or other considerations? Admissions What should I know about competitive majors? Does "competitive" mean there are extra considerations for acceptance, or that there are limited spaces? What do students like and dislike about attending this school? Are there any students I can talk to about their experience? Tuition and Cost Are there any program-specific financial aid or scholarship programs I should know about? What opportunities are available for international, underrepresented, or other students with special circumstances? Campus Life If a club I'm interested in doesn't exist, can I start that club? What do students do during their free time? What kind of restaurants and activities are near campus? What is the workload like for my major? What kind of safety measures are there on campus? Job Searching What do graduates of my major go on to do? How can I make the most of my alumni network? Some of the questions to ask at a college fair will be on the general side: things you can ask multiple colleges to compare and contrast what they offer. Other questions to ask at college fairs should be based on specifics, like the details of one particular program. For example, say you're an aspiring novelist who wants to write fantasy books. What's the English department's stance on genre fiction? This is something that's probably not listed on a college website, but if the college representative knows the answer, you'll have a better picture of whether the school is a good fit- and if they don't know, they can put you in touch with someone who does. You don't have to ask the exact same questions at every school, but be sure you get all the information you need. The questions to ask colleges at a college fair are ones that will help you make the most informed decision you can about where you want to attend. 6 College Fair Tips Since you've already made a plan, you're on the right track for getting the best possible experience out of your college fair. But there's still more you can do, too. #1: Dress to Impress Don't worry about looking extremely fancy, but do put a little effort into your outfit. Focus on the clothes that make you feel comfortableand confident. Think button-up shirts, skirts, and professional-looking pants like corduroy, khakis, or chinos. Formal wear isn't necessary, but do put in a little more effort than you might on an average day at school. Now, put on your best confident smile, because you're there to impress! #2: Bring Supplies You should bring a bottle of water- you're going to be doinga lot of talking- as well as a notebook and pen. Not only will taking notes help make sure you don't forget each college's answer to your questions, but taking a moment to jot down some notes after each conversation will make sure you remember it better. If you have address labels, these can be a great way to hand out your personal information if you don't have the NACAC barcode. #3: Arrive Early College fairs will typically have a fair directory and bag for you to take. If you get there early, you can use the directory to plan out the optimal route to make sure you get a chance to talk to all the schools you want to meet with rather than wandering aimlessly and hoping you stumble upon them. #4: Be Genuine When you're talking to representatives of each school, don't worry about being the most impressive person in the room, but do think about being your authentic self. Be honest and forthcoming and express genuine interest. Don't try to impress based on things you don't actually feel, believe, or do, because not only can admissions officers pick up on that, but it's also more likely to lead to a college being a poor fit. The best college for you isn't always the most prestigious one- you want a school that's going to lead to academic success, a great pathway to a career, and a fulfilling education, not one that's just going to carry the star power of a familiar name. #5: Check Out Unfamiliar Colleges You should set aside at least a little time to talk with colleges you may not have heard of. The biggest, most memorable names may not actually be the best fit- smaller schools may surprise you! That's why it's good to have general questions to ask when attending a college fair: you don't want to be left scrambling for conversation when your dream school might be right in front of you. #6: Follow Up Be sure to grab brochures, an application, financial aid information, and business cards from representatives if they're available. You can even send a follow-up to whoever you speak to; it's a great way to show initiative and interest. Besides, you'll want all that information later on when it's time to apply- thanks to your hard work and planning, you have everything you need to find the perfect school for you! You don't have to look extremely fancy, but do put in effort. What's Next? Visiting a college fair will get you lots of information, but you still have to do the hard work of applying to college. Using an acceptance calculator will help you figure out your chances of getting into the schools at the top of your listso you know how to up your odds. Now that you know what you can expect of your ideal colleges, it's time to learn what colleges expect from you. The information you gathered at your college fair will help you better target your application to suit what each school is looking for! It's also a great time to start researching scholarships. Even if you're a freshman or sophomore, it's never too early to start thinking about how you're going to pay for college, and all the information you've gathered gives you a definite leg up on other students. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

The ideology of religious studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The ideology of religious studies - Essay Example A look into this concept of ‘servant’ reveals in the Old Testament as well as the New Testament that the servant was called the Servant of the Lord or the Servant of Yahweh. The issues addressed in this book relate directly to the Servant and the person was willing to serve the Lord. The interpretations by early Christian’s is below. Isaiah 42:1-4 talks of the Servant as the chosen often endowed with Yahweh spirit to bring forth judgment to the nations. The Servant will work quietly and unobtrusively until justice is accomplished without failure or discouragement. In Isaiah 49:1-6, the Servant talks about having been prepared by God and ready for the mission to the distant people. The Servant is recognized as Israel in whom God will be glorified. The duty of the Servant, in this case, is to restore Israel and be a light to the surrounding nations. Isaiah 50: 4-9 though does not mention the word ‘servant’ but, implies the state of servanthood. Yahweh w akens him every morning to hear from Him. Isaiah 52:-53:12 implies the suffering servant who is disfigured and despised, and stricken by God. The servant is laid in a felon’s grave. 2. This book of Jonah talks about Jonah’s reaction to the prophetic call. Early Christians took this book as a personal writing by Jonah himself. They consider the book a Midrash and not a historical narrative. They interpreted it this way because Jonah seems to be talking the events as they occur and not something historical. The book is quite unique among the prophetic books as it is not a collection of oracles at all. To early Christians, this book aided them in spreading the essence of true miracles as performed by God. 3. In Genesis 22, Abraham is seen binding his son Isaac for sacrifice. Though the Angel of God prevents him to, his faith in God is surely affirmed. To early Christians, this was a clear indication pointing towards the sacrificial body of Jesus Christ who was to be naile d to the cross for the redemption of man. Of particular interest is the use of the lamb in place of Isaac which is taken as Jesus Christ in place of us. Further, they interpret that the faith Abraham had in God was definitely able to raise Isaac from the dead had he sacrificed him. Consequently, Abraham’s willingness to give out his only son is an indication of the sacrifice God made through His Son Jesus Christ who died to save us. The Early Christians also believed that Abraham went to Mt. Moriah where he bound Isaac and this same Mount is where Jesus Christ was bound and crucified i.e. at Calvary. 4. First, the beginnings are distinctive. The gospels of Mathew and Luke begin their accounts with the story of Jesus’ birth while Mark begins the story of Jesus with the ministry of John the Baptist. The Gospel of John is the most unique as it talks of the Trinity presence at the beginning of creation with everything having been created through the word which is Jesus Chr ist. Secondly, in the Gospels by Mathew, Mark, and Luke, the teachings of Jesus are highlighted through the preaching of the Kingdom of God while in the Gospel of John, the message is mainly presented in terms of eternal life and resurrection. Thirdly, the Gospel of John presents the teaching of Jesus in long conversations while in the other ones the teachings are usually found in parable forms.

Employment Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Employment Law - Essay Example US law emphasizes upon Equal opportunity employment and in this vein there are a number of Federal Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Laws consisting of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII) which prohibit employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. In a similar vein the Equal Pay Act of 1963 (EPA), ensures the prevention of sex-based wage discrimination, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA), which was promulgated for the protection of individuals who are 40 years of age or older. Disabled individuals are protected under Title I and Title V of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), which is aimed at the prevention of employment discrimination against disabled individuals who are skilled in the private and public sector. Furthermore sections 501 and 505 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 are in a similar spirit thereby protecting employees from disability discrimination in federal law and the Civil Ri ghts Act of 1991 provides for monetary redressal for complaints of intentional employment discrimination. Together these laws prohibit the discriminatory practices involving the hiring dismissal, recruitment through advertising, job testing, access to pay, benefits, facilities and retirement and disability on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or age. This involves retaliatory action against individuals for complaining discriminatory practices, stereotypes.

Religious Free

Religious Freedom Pre 1700s Essay America than in England. Of course this is just a brief explanation compared to the real essay. suggest you fill in the blanks with some support from wherever your source is. but for now i have to go write my own because its due tomorrow and its already very late. so good luck on the essay and hope this generally answered your question. Analyze the extent to which religious freedom existed in the British North America colonies prior to 1700. The New World was first established because many people in England did not agree with their religious and political ways of life. Most people in the northern colonieshad run from England due to having no religious freedom. The Puritans, Quakers, andvarious leaders created outbursts of reform to achieve freedom in New England. Each group had their own philosophy on how life should be lived. The Puritans were a group of English men who disagreed with how the Church of England was ran. The damned were allowed to sit with the saints, and the Puritans did not like this. The extreme Puritans were known as Separatists in England. Finally, these extreme Puritans left for the New World in 1620. The Puritans set up a way of government. It said, the whole purpose of government was to enforce Gods laws. Only the Puritans, the only ones eligible for church membership, could be freemen. The believers and nonbelievers had to pay taxes on the government–supported church. Jews and Atheists were killed because they did not believe in the divinity of Jesus. Chaotic services were how the Quaker sermons went. He didnt hold back his comments and demanded very little. In the South most of the colonies were overwhelme d by the Protestants. They were offensive to the religious and political authorities. The Puritans banished her from the Bay Colony. Anne Hutchinson was another rebel who challenged the authority of the Puritan clergy. Roger Williams was a threat to the Puritan leaders. This included converted and non-converted New Englanders. After many generations, religion was not at the top of the Puritans list. The northern colonies had religious freedom, but the Puritans forced their own religion on everyone else around them. Maryland ultimately guaranteed toleration for all Christians. They set the stage for our religious freedom today. His followers were very liberal, and not accepted.

A Hero :: essays research papers

A hero is often a man that is usually of divine ancestry. A hero or heroine can be found in many different forms. There are certain characteristics that make up a hero or a heroine. Some of those characteristics are someone who is endowed with great courage, loyalty, obedience, cleverness, strength and someone who is noted for special achievement in a particular field. Depending on the book or the character a hero or heroine could show one heroic characteristics or more and still considered to be a hero.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The hero, Beowulf, is a seemingly invincible person with all the extraordinary traits required of a hero. He is able to use his super-human physical strength and courage to put his people before himself. He encounters hideous monsters and the most ferocious of beasts but he never fears the threat of death. His leadership skills are superb and he is even able to boast about all his achievements. Beowulf is the ultimate epic hero who risks his life countless times for immortal glory and for the good of others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beowulf is a hero in the eyes of his fellow men through his amazing physical strength. He fought in numerous battles and returned victorious from all but his last. In his argument with Unferth, Beowulf explains the reason he lost a simple swimming match with his youthful opponent Brecca. Not only had Beowulf been swimming for seven nights, he had also stopped to kill nine sea creatures in the depths of the ocean. Beowulf is also strong enough to kill the monster Grendel, who has been terrorizing the Danes for twelve years, with his bare hands by ripping off his arm. When Beowulf is fighting Grendel's mother, who is seeking revenge on her son's death, he is able to slay her by slashing the monster's neck with a Giant's sword that can only be lifted by a person as strong as Beowulf. When he chops off her head, he carries it from the ocean with ease, but it takes four men to lift and carry it back to Herot mead-hall. This strength is a key trait of Beowulf's heroism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another heroic trait of Beowulf is his ability to put his peoples welfare before his own. Beowulf's uncle is king of the Geats so he is sent as an emissary to help rid the Danes of the evil Grendel. Beowulf risks his own life for the Danes, asking help from no one. A Hero :: essays research papers A hero is often a man that is usually of divine ancestry. A hero or heroine can be found in many different forms. There are certain characteristics that make up a hero or a heroine. Some of those characteristics are someone who is endowed with great courage, loyalty, obedience, cleverness, strength and someone who is noted for special achievement in a particular field. Depending on the book or the character a hero or heroine could show one heroic characteristics or more and still considered to be a hero.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The hero, Beowulf, is a seemingly invincible person with all the extraordinary traits required of a hero. He is able to use his super-human physical strength and courage to put his people before himself. He encounters hideous monsters and the most ferocious of beasts but he never fears the threat of death. His leadership skills are superb and he is even able to boast about all his achievements. Beowulf is the ultimate epic hero who risks his life countless times for immortal glory and for the good of others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beowulf is a hero in the eyes of his fellow men through his amazing physical strength. He fought in numerous battles and returned victorious from all but his last. In his argument with Unferth, Beowulf explains the reason he lost a simple swimming match with his youthful opponent Brecca. Not only had Beowulf been swimming for seven nights, he had also stopped to kill nine sea creatures in the depths of the ocean. Beowulf is also strong enough to kill the monster Grendel, who has been terrorizing the Danes for twelve years, with his bare hands by ripping off his arm. When Beowulf is fighting Grendel's mother, who is seeking revenge on her son's death, he is able to slay her by slashing the monster's neck with a Giant's sword that can only be lifted by a person as strong as Beowulf. When he chops off her head, he carries it from the ocean with ease, but it takes four men to lift and carry it back to Herot mead-hall. This strength is a key trait of Beowulf's heroism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another heroic trait of Beowulf is his ability to put his peoples welfare before his own. Beowulf's uncle is king of the Geats so he is sent as an emissary to help rid the Danes of the evil Grendel. Beowulf risks his own life for the Danes, asking help from no one.

Leadership and Management Essay

The implementation of the care of the dying policy at the writer’s area of practice involved the process of change. This involved the use of both leadership and management theories which are essential to increased effectiveness as supported by Moiden (2002). The change was a political one due to the government initiatives to improve end of life care (Department of Health 2008). Antrobus (2003) states that political leaders aim to deliver improved health care outcomes for patients. The essay will critically analyze both leadership and management theories from the top of the organization to the bottom. These theories were used to implement this change to enhance quality care in this clinical area. The essay will also critically analyze and evaluate the nurses’ self management skills in fulfilling their role as clinical managers within interdisciplinary and the changing context of the healthcare. Similarly, the essay will discuss the implications upon quality assurance and resource allocation for service delivery within the health care sector. These will be related to current government strategies. The effects of government strategies in involving the user and carer or significant others in decision making process within current clinical and legal frameworks (Department of Health 2000b) will also be debated. Similar debate will also be on the nurses’ involvement in policy making (Antrobus 2003). Further discussion on government strategies will be discussed on the introduction of clinical governance and essence of care. Braine (2006) states that the purpose of implementing change is to improve effectiveness and quality. The whole process of change was based on the introduction of the care of the dying booklet which meant that all healthcare professional documented their notes in the same booklet. The change took place in a large hospital to implement a new policy which was politically driven by the government to improve quality of care. Like most hospital organizations, the hospital traditionally uses a bureaucratic management approach (Marquis and Huston 2006) reinforced with authoritarian leadership to facilitate efficiency and cost effective care. This is done through planning, coordination, control of services, putting appropriate structures and systems in place and monitoring progress towards performance activities (Finkelman 2006 and Faugier and Woolnough 2002). According to Marquis and Huston (2006) bureaucracy was introduced after Max Weber’s work to legalize and make rules and regulations for personnel to increase efficiency. The ward manager as a change agent had to design and plan the process of change. Designing change involved understanding the purpose of change and gathering data as supported by Glower (2002). Planning included identifying driving forces and ways to reduce restraining forces (Glower 2002). Unlike the top management who used bureaucratic management theory, the ward manager applied the human relations management theory (Marquis and Huston 2006) at ward level. This management theory is designed to motivate employees to achieve excellence. The human relations theory was introduced in attempt to correct what was believed to be the shortcoming of bureaucratic theory which failed to include the human aspects (Marquis and Huston 2006). Often referred to as motivational theory, Lezon (2002) agrees that this theory views the employee in a different way and helps to understand people better compared to the autocratic management theories of the past. It is based on theory Y of Douglas McGregor’s (1960) X and Y theories cited in (Lezon 2002). Theory Y assumes that people want to work, are responsible and self motivated, they want to succeed and they understand their position in the organization. Perhaps the appropriateness of this theory can be linked to the implementation of clinical governance which emphasizes that it is the responsibility of health care professionals to ensure effectiveness, high standards and quality (Braine 2006). This puts health care professionals in a responsible position and motivates them to provide high quality care. This explains why theory Y was used as opposed to theory X which according to Lezon (2002) assumes that people are lazy, unmotivated and require discipline. According to the human relations theory, there are some positive management actions that lead to employee motivation thus improving performance (Marquis and Huston 2000). Some of these actions used by the change agent were empowering and allowing employees to make independent decisions as they could handle, training and developing, increasing freedom, sharing big picture objectives, treating employees as if work is natural and other ways of motivating staff as supported by Marquis and Huston (2006 and Lezon 2002). The use of human relations theory in the implementation of this policy is well justified in contrast to other management theories. For example, theory X presumes that people must be coerced, controlled, directed and threatened with punishment (Lezon 2002). This theory adds that an average person has inherent dislike of work and prefers to avoid responsibility (Marquis and Huston 2006). In other words, theory X prefers autocratic style while theory Y prefers participative style. Managers using theory y seek to enhance the employee’s capacity to exercise high levels of imagination, ingenuity and creativity solving organizational problems. With the human relations theory, members feel special and involved rather than being controlled by threats and sanctions from the change agent (Dowding and Barr 2002). The team of health care professionals was aiming to achieve the same goal. This goal was to provide high quality care to patients approaching end of life. This involved a lot of organizational psychology and motivation to facilitate effective teamwork. Among the factors that facilitate effective teamwork, leadership is the most significant as stated by Clegg (2000). Toofany (2005) supports that leadership is on government’s modernization agenda for the National Health Service and is an influencing factor. Therefore, the change agent needed equally effective leadership style. To facilitate this, she applied the transformational leadership style. Markhan (1998) cited in Clegg (2000) defines transformational leadership style as a collaborative, consultative and consensus seeking. These are the same characteristics of the leadership style used by the change agent. Contrary to this leadership style is the transactional leadership style which is based on power of organizational position and authority to reward and punish performance (Moiden 2002). Based on Rosner (1990)’s research, Clegg (2000) states that gender affects leadership style and women prefer transformational style. Perhaps this explains why the change agent chose this style for this particular change. As in any form of change process, resistance, which falls under the unfreezing stage of Lewin’s (1951) cited in Murphy (2006) change theory is one of the common obstacles that needed to be dealt with (Curtis and White 2002). By inspiring a shared vision within the team (McGuire and Kennerly 2006) the change agent managed to increase driving forces and reduce resisting forces at the same time. Clegg (2000) values vision as a very important ingredient of transformational leadership, adding that it should be engaging and inspiring. Transformational leadership was first put forward by James Burns (1978) cited in Marquis and Huston (2006). According to him, a relationship of mutual stimulation and elevation converts followers into leaders, a fact shared by Murphy (2005). If a leader can stimulate followers, he or she can engage followers into a problem solving attitude (McGuire and Kennerly 2006). In addition, people engage together in a way that allows leaders and followers to raise each other to higher levels of motivation and morality (Marquis and Huston 2006). This approach emphasizes on the leader’s ability to motivate, coach and empower the followers rather than control their behaviors (McGuire and Kennerly 2006). Moiden (2002) states that this style is widely used in all types of organizations in dealing with change. Frequently, it is contrasted with transactional leadership which is a traditional way in which followers’ commitment is gained on the basis of exchange of reward, pay and security in return of reliable work (Mullins 2002). However McGuire and Kennerly (2006) state that if transactional leadership is predominantly used, followers are likely to place limits to organizational commitment and behave in a way only aimed at contract requirements. Despite the differences in various leadership styles, most researchers conclude that there is no one leadership style that is right for all circumstances (Reynolds and Rogers 2003). Fidler (1967) cited in Moiden (2002) agrees that a single leadership style is rarely practiced. Therefore situational theories were introduced in order to deal with various situations. Perhaps this is why the leader used the situational approach to leadership in order to meet the demands of different situations, an idea also shared by Marquis and Huston (2000). Reynolds and Rogers (2003) suggest that the effectiveness of day to day activities depends on balancing between the task at hand and human relations to meet everyone’s needs. Different competence levels, motivation levels and commitment levels of staff on this clinical area justify why a situational approach was used in conjunction with transformational leadership style. Reynolds and Rogers (2003) support that situations like this require the leader to adapt their style. However, they warn that it is important to know when to lead from the front, when to empower and when to let go. This situational approach enabled the leader to work on followers’ strength and weaknesses. Moreover, Reynolds and Rogers (2003) warn that it is not always easy to find leadership styles that suite the needs of every situation and not everything falls into place from the beginning. Marquis and Huston (2000) criticize that situational theory concentrate too much on situation and focus less on interpersonal factors. Support was given to followers according their needs. Supportive behavior, as supported by Reynolds and Rogers (2003) helps people to feel comfortable in their situations. This was facilitated by the use of a two way communication system which involved listening, praising, asking for help and problem solving. Consequently, as performance improved, the leader’s supportive behavior shifted to delegation. Delegation was mostly directed to staff with high competences, commitments and motivation. Reynolds and Rogers (2003) support that the style of leadership alters as performance improves from directing to coaching to supporting to delegation. Basing on research studies, Reynolds and Rogers (2003) warns that using different approaches to different staff can practically difficult in terms of developing the whole group as well as maintaining fairness. This further exposes the limitations of situational approach. Nevertheless, it is equally important to assess followers’ capabilities and developmental needs so this explains the relevance of situational approach to this clinical area. The delegation was directed to some members of the team while others still wanted to be directed. In addition, this was because of the leader’s trust in people, working to their strength and sharing the vision as supported by Kane-Urrabazo (2006). Delegation is defined as transferring responsibility of an activity to another individual and still remain accountable (Sullivan and Decker 2005). Davidson et al (1999) caution that critical thinking and sound decision making must be applied before delegating because it increases rather than decrease nurses’ responsibility. They clarify that to ensure safe outcome, delegation must be the right task, right circumstances, right person, right instructions and right supervision. Pearce (2006) shares the same thoughts and adds that you must be clear about what you delegate, inform other members, monitor performance, give feedback and evaluate the experience while remembering that you remain accountable. However, Kane-Urrabazo (2006) and Taylor (2007) argue that delegation is another way of empowering the subordinates. However, like every team going through the process of change, problems arose and were solved as they came. Apart from dealing with problems like resistance and lack of resources, there was an even bigger problem of interdisciplinary working for both the change agent and the subordinates. Although this policy was predominantly nurse orientated, it needed authorization by a doctor in order for a patient to be commenced on care of the dying pathway. Whether inside or outside health care, interdisciplinary working was introduced with the same concerns of improving quality (Hewison 2004). Interdisciplinary working has been emphasized by a number of government initiatives (Martin 2006b), more recently the NHS Plan (Department of Health 2000a). To ensure the demand for interdisciplinary working is met, there has been a lot of emphasis on professional education and training. Effective interdisciplinary working is meant to facilitate delivery of quality services and is fundamental to success of clinical governance (Braine 2006). However, Hewison (2004) argues that there is little evidence to support the effectiveness of interdisciplinary working. There is also insufficient evidence to support that collaboration improves quality of care given to patients (Hewison 2004). Nevertheless, if interdisciplinary working is to be achieved it is important to appreciate the potential barriers to this type of working. In this particular organization there were some barriers that impeded interdisciplinary working. These barriers needed problem solving skills from both the change agent and the nurses. In many cases there were some disagreements between nurses and doctors as to when to commence the care of the dying pathway for a patient. Although the policy was self explanatory in terms of when to commence it, doctors were often reluctant to authorize it. Hewison (2004) states that occupational status, occupational knowledge, fear and distrust of other occupational groups are some of the barriers to effective interdisciplinary working. Additionally, different backgrounds, training, remuneration, culture and language can contribute to professional barriers, mistrust, misunderstanding and disagreements (Hewison 2004). To solve this problem the change agent and senior members of the medical team held regular meetings to discuss problems like this. This way of problem solving is well recommended by Hewison (2004) who explains that if interdisciplinary working is to be successful, structures and procedures should be in place to support it. This is a way in which organization reflects emphasis on teams rather than individual professional groups. Hewison (2004) adds that if this is reinforced with communication between managers and other professional groups, it is likely to be successful. Perhaps in future interdisciplinary learning may be necessary to overcome some of the barriers to interdisciplinary working. Despite lack of evidence for its effectiveness, interdisciplinary learning has been identified as a government priority (Hewison 2004). Therefore study programmes for health care professionals are important to facilitate this approach to learning.

Start Snitching

I believe that people should start snitching if they want to stop living in fear in their daily lives. This issue is becoming a very serious problem, and people in general, have a strong disbelief for law enforcement. The statistics for crime rates involving murder are increasing in the U. S. Majority of these high crime rates are in low poverty areas where there are low-income citizens. This problem clarifies why snitching is essential.There are far too many of our children who are becoming victims in the crossfire of drug conflict, domestic disputes, and other various forms of crime that creates violence. Often times you hear people say, â€Å"I‘m not going to snitch because the murder might see me out there in the streets or come to my home and kill me. † I agree, to some extent, and it saddens me to say that law enforcement has done a terrible job at protecting those who come forward to tell the truth.Until we become aware of our power, we will continue to live in fe ar. Therefore, if we do not feel safe, it is our responsibility to communicate the message to our source of protection. We can get involved by developing a snitching program that will allow us to arrange city council meetings and town hall meetings that will implement programs to make our community become safer. In my opinion, I agree that we all must take a stand for what is right for the next generation, because if we do not, no one else will.Many of us are aware about the things that take place in our communities. Punishing criminals by putting them in jail is supposed to serve as a deterrent for crimes being committed, meaning if you do the crime, you do the time. Thus, by not snitching, we are communicating the wrong message to our people. We are allowing them to think that what they are doing is right. We are simply saying that there is no reason to think before you act because there are no consequences, so you would not be punished.This is the number one reason why the crime rates are so high. We have communicated a message that people can kill one another and get away with it, and we will still protect them by keeping silent. Keeping silent will only worsen the situation. We as people need to become responsible citizens and start snitching because the death rate will continue to rise. We can stand up and make a change by getting involved and helping the authority solve these murders.

Biography of The Pitsburgh Steelers

Biography of The Pitsburgh Steelers Free Online Research Papers The Pittsburgh Steelers are a professional American football team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. They are currently a member of the North Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League. Founded in 1933, the Steelers are the oldest franchise in the AFC. Pittsburgh has won more Super Bowl titles (six), won more AFC Championship Games (seven) and hosted more conference championship games (ten) than any other AFC or NFC team. They have played in more AFC conference championship games than any other team and are tied with the Dallas Cowboys with 14 championship game appearances in either the NFC or AFC contests. With the exception of the 1960s which featured only three Super Bowls, the Steelers have appeared in at least one Super Bowl in every decade of the contest. The Steelers won their most recent championship, Super Bowl XLIII, on February 1, 2009. The fifth-oldest franchise in the NFL, the Steelers were founded as the Pittsburgh Pirates on July 8, 1933, by Art Rooney, taking its original name from the National League baseball team of the same name, as was common practice for NFL teams to do at the time. The ownership of the Steelers has remained within the Rooney family since its founding. The current owner is Arts son, Dan Rooney, who has given much control of the franchise to his son Art Rooney II. The team enjoys a large, widespread fanbase nicknamed Steeler Nation and currently play their home games in Heinz Field on Pittsburghs North Side, which also hosts the University of Pittsburgh Panthers. Built in 2001, the stadium replaced Three Rivers Stadium which hosted the Steelers for 31 seasons. Prior to Three Rivers, the Steelers had played their games in Pitt Stadium and Forbes Field. Franchise history The Pittsburgh Steelers of the NFL first took to the field as the Pittsburgh Pirates on September 20, 1933, losing 23–2 to the New York Giants. Through the 1930s, the Pirates never finished higher than second place in their division, or with a record better than .500 (1936).[ Pittsburgh did make history in 1938 by signing Byron White, a future Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, to what was at the time the biggest contract in NFL history, but he played only one year with the Pirates before signing with the Detroit Lions. Prior to the 1940 season, the Pirates renamed themselves the Steelers. During World War II, the Steelers experienced player shortages. They twice merged with other NFL franchises to field a team. During the 1943 season, they merged with the Philadelphia Eagles forming the Phil-Pitt Eagles and were known as the Steagles. This team went 5–4–1. In 1944, they merged with the Chicago Cardinals and were known as Card-Pitt (or, mockingly, as the Carpets). This team finished 0–10, marking the only winless team in franchise history. The Steelers made the playoffs for the first time in 1947, sharing first place in the division at 8–4 with the Philadelphia Eagles. This forced a tie-breaking playoff game at Forbes Field, which the Steelers lost 21–0. That would be Pittsburghs only playoff game for 25 years, though the Steelers did qualify for a Playoff Bowl in 1963 as the second-best team in their conference, though not considered an official playoff. In 1970, the year they moved into Three Rivers Stadium and the year of the AFL-NFL merger, the Pittsburgh Steelers were one of three old-guard NFL teams to switch to the newly-formed American Football Conference (the others being the Cleveland Browns and the Baltimore Colts), in order to equalize the number of teams in the two conferences of the newly-merged league. Logo and uniforms The Steelers have used black and gold as their colors since the clubs inception, the lone exception being the 1943 season when they merged with the Philadelphia Eagles and formed the Steagles; the teams colors at that time were green and white as a result of wearing Eagles uniforms. Originally, the team wore solid gold-colored helmets and black jerseys. Unique to Pittsburgh, the Steelers black and gold colors are now shared by all major professional teams in the city, including the Pittsburgh Pirates in baseball and the Pittsburgh Penguins in hockey. However, the Penguins use Vegas Gold, a color similar to metallic gold, and the Pirates gold is a darker mustard yellow-gold, while the Steelers gold is more of a bright canary yellow. Black and gold are also the colors of the citys official flag. (1963–Present) The Steelers logo was introduced in 1962 and is based on the Steelmark, originally designed by Pittsburghs U.S. Steel and now owned by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). In fact, it was Cleveland-based Republic Steel that suggested the Steelers adopt the industry logo. It consists of the word Steelers surrounded by three astroids (hypocycloids of four cusps). The original meanings behind the astroids were, Steel lightens your work, brightens your leisure, and widens your world. Later, the colors came to represent the ingredients used in the steel-making process: yellow for coal, red for iron ore, and blue for scrap steel. While the formal Steelmark logo contains only the word Steel, the team was given permission to add ers in 1963 after a petition to AISI. The Steelers are the only NFL team that puts its logo on only one side of the helmet (the right side). Longtime field and equipment manager Jack Hart was instructed to do this by Art Rooney as a test to see how the logo appeared on the gold helmets; however, its popularity led the team to leave it that way permanently. A year after introducing the logo, they switched to black helmets to make it stand out more. The current uniform designs were introduced in 1968. The design consists of gold pants and either black jerseys or white jerseys, except for the 1970 and 1971seasons when the Steelers wore white pants with their white jerseys. In 1997, the team switched to rounded numbers on the jersey to match the number font (Futura Condensed) on the helmets, and a Steelers logo was added to the left side of the jersey. The current third uniform, consisting of a black jersey with gold lettering, white pants with black and gold stripes, and a gold helmet were first used during the Steelers 75th anniversary season in 2007. They were meant to evoke the memory of the 1963–1964 era uniforms. The uniforms were so popular among fans that the Steeler organization decided to keep them and use them as a third option during home games only. In 2008–2009, the Steelers became the first team in NFL history to defeat an opponent three times in a single season using three different uniforms. They defeated the Baltimore Ravens in Pittsburgh in Week 4 in their third jerseys, again Week 15 in Baltimore in their road whites, and a final time in the AFC Championship in Pittsburgh in their home black jerseys. Rivals The Pittsburgh Steelers have three primary rivals, all within their division: (Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, and Cincinnati Bengals). They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from post-season battles in the past, most notably the New England Patriots, Oakland Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Dallas Cowboys. They also have an intrastate rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles, but under the current scheduling rules the teams only play each other once every four years. Divisional rivals 1.The Cleveland Browns and the Steelers have been divisional rivals since the two cities teams began playing against each other in 1950. After posting a 9–31 record in first 40 games of the series between the two cities, the Steelers recently took over the all-time series lead for the first time ever (60–56); partly due to their dominance over the post-1999, Cleveland Browns (or New Browns) franchise and won the last twelve straight before the Browns snapped their losing skid against them by beating them 13–6 on December 10, 2009. Additionally, the Browns lost 16 straight years in Pittsburgh from 1970–1985 and posted an abysmal 5–24 record at Three Rivers Stadium overall. Former Steelers head coach Bill Cowher coached the Browns special teams and secondary before following Marty Schottenheimer for a brief tenure as Kansas City Defensive Coordinator, and then hired by Pittsburgh. This has only intensified the rivalry. 2.The Baltimore Ravens and the Steelers have had several memorable match-ups and have a bitter divisional rivalry. Both teams handed the other their first losses at their current home fields. The Steelers won the inaugural game played at Baltimores MT Bank Stadium in 1998, 20–13, and three years later the Ravens handed the Steelers their first-ever loss at Heinz Field, 13–10. Later that season (2001) Pittsburgh won a divisional playoff game 27–10 against Baltimore, who was the defending Super Bowl champion. During their NFL championship season in 2000, the Ravens defeated the Steelers in Pittsburgh, 16–0, in the season opener with the Steelers later exacting revenge, 9–6, in Baltimore (the Ravens final loss of the season). During the Steelers 2008 Championship run, they beat the Ravens three times, including a win in the AFC Championship game. The Steelers lead the series (begun in 1996), 16–10. The two teams complement each other by consiste ntly fielding strong defenses in their division. The Steelers-Ravens Rivalry really began when Art Modell moved the his Franchise from Cleveland to Baltimore. The Steelers saw the Ravens as Modells team, which was reason enough to want to beat them. The Steelers also looked at Modells move of his franchise from Cleveland to Baltimore as taking away the Steelers longest and deepest rivalry away. 3.The Cincinnati Bengals rivalry with Pittsburgh dates from the 1970 season, when the NFL-AFL merger was completed. In 1976, the Steelers kept their playoff hopes alive (they later won the division) with a late-season 7–3 win in snowy Cincinnati. One of the most memorable games was the 2005 AFC Wildcard playoff game, in which the Steelers, en route to a Super Bowl title, won a 31–17 come-from-behind victory after Bengals QB Carson Palmer was forced to leave the game with a knee injury. The knee injury happened when nose tackle Kimo von Oelhoffen fell forward into Palmers knee. The Bengals players called this a dirty play, the NFL ruled that it was accidental and did not fine von Oelhoffen for the hit. This incident has led to an intensifying of the rivalry since this game. The Bengals beat the Steelers in week 13 of the 2005 season 38–31, and wide receiver T.J. Houshmandzadeh used a Terrible Towel to polish his cleats while walking up the tunnel after the game, f ueling the rivalry. The Steelers and Bengals finished 2005 and 2006 with identical records (11–5 and 8–8 respectively), splitting both regular-season series, the Bengals winning the tiebreaker both years due to having a superior division record. The Steelers also are responsible for ending the Bengals season in Cincinnati two years in a row, eliminating them from the playoffs in 2005 and taking them out of contention in 2006. The Steelers lead the all-time series, 47–30. Stadiums In 2001 the Steelers moved into Heinz Field as their football-only state-of-the-art stadium. But the franchise dating back to 1933 has had several homes. For thirty-one seasons the Steelers shared Forbes Field with the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1933 to 1963. In 1958 though they started splitting their home games with the football only Pitt Stadium three blocks away at the University of Pittsburgh. From 1964 to 1969 the Steelers played exclusively at the on campus facility before moving with the Pirates to Three Rivers Stadium on the citys Northside. Three Rivers is remembered fondly by the Steeler Nation as where Chuck Noll and Dan Rooney turned the franchise into a powerhouse, winning four Super Bowls in just six seasons and making the playoffs 11 times in 13 seasons from 1972 to 1984, the AFC title game seven times. Since 2001 however a new generation of Steeler greats has made Heinz Field legendary with multiple AFC Championship Games being hosted and two Super Bowl championships. Current roster Pittsburgh Steelers roster view talk edit Quarterbacks 16 Charlie Batch 2 Dennis Dixon 7 Ben Roethlisberger Running Backs 49 Sean McHugh FB/TE 34 Rashard Mendenhall 21 Mewelde Moore 33 Isaac Redman 44 Frank Summers FB 28 Justin Vincent Wide Receivers 81 Arnaz Battle 13 Jason Chery 19 Tyler Grisham 11 Stefan Logan 15 Brandon London 82 Antwaan Randle El 14 Limas Sweed 17 Mike Wallace 86 Hines Ward Tight Ends 87 Eugene Bright 85 David Johnson 83 Heath Miller Offensive Linemen 79 Trai Essex G 73 Ramon Foster G/T 62 Justin Hartwig C 66 Tony Hills T 68 Chris Kemoeatu G 64 Doug Legursky C 67 Jonathan Scott T 78 Max Starks T 65 Kraig Urbik G Defensive Linemen 93 Nick Eason DE 98 Casey Hampton NT 77 RaShon Harris DE 76 Chris Hoke NT 96 Ziggy Hood DE 99 Brett Keisel DE 69 Steve McLendon DE 71 Scott Paxson NT 91 Aaron Smith DE Linebackers 55 Patrick Bailey OLB 45 Derrick Doggett ILB 51 James Farrior ILB 50 Larry Foote ILB 57 Keyaron Fox ILB 54 Andre Frazier OLB 92 James Harrison OLB 94 Lawrence Timmons ILB 53 Johnny Williams ILB 48 Renauld Williams ILB 56 LaMarr Woodley OLB Defensive Backs 40 Will Allen FS 27 Joe Burnett CB 25 Ryan Clark FS 31 Tuff Harris SS 20 Keenan Lewis CB 37 Anthony Madison CB 29 Ryan Mundy FS 30 David Pittman CB 43 Troy Polamalu SS 24 Ike Taylor CB 35 Trae Williams CB Special Teams 5 Piotr Czech K 8 Adam Graessle P 3 Jeff Reed K 61 Jared Retkofsky LS 60 Greg Warren LS Reserve Lists Currently vacant Restricted FAs 74 Willie Colon OT 22 William Gay CB 9 Daniel Sepulveda P 89 Matt Spaeth TE Rookies in italics Roster updated April 13, 2010 Depth Chart Transactions 66 Active, 0 Inactive, 4 FAs ? More rosters Steeler Nation Steeler Nation is the unofficial name of the fan base of the NFLs Pittsburgh Steelers, coined by NFL Films narrator John Facenda in Blueprint for Victory, the teams 1975 highlights film. Steeler Country is often used for the Pittsburgh area where the fan base originates or for areas with a large Steelers fan base. History Early years The Steelers have had a following in Western Pennsylvania since Art Rooney bought the team with $2,500 of his own money, and not, as myth would have it, from his winnings as a horse race handicapper. That year, Pennsylvania relaxed its blue laws allowing sporting events in the commonwealth on Sundays, paving the way for the Steelers and the Philadelphia Eagles to begin play for the 1933 NFL season. Previously, the state had teams in Pottsville and Frankford, but both had already folded, due to both the Great Depression and their inability to play on Sunday, when most NFL games took place. Much like the league itself in the early years, the Steelers had to compete with baseball and college football teams in the city, making the team third in the hierarchy to the Pirates and the Pitt Panthers. Despite the teams early struggles, it had a small but loyal fan base in the city due to the popularity of American football at all levels, dating back to the 1800s, when Pittsburgh hosted the first wholly professional football game in 1895. Rise of the Steelers By the 1950s, the Steelers had gained some popularity in the city and were on par with Pitt, but they were still a distant second behind the Pirates in the city. In the early 1970s, the Steelers began to rise in popularity, due to changes made by the team in 1969 that saw the hiring of head coach Chuck Noll and the drafting of future Hall of Fame defensive tackle Mean Joe Greene. By 1972, the Steelers were a playoff contender and began a sellout streak in Three Rivers Stadium that carried over to Heinz Field and still stands to this day. The team is second to the Washington Redskins for the longest active consecutive sellout streak in league history. The teams four Super Bowl victories in the 1970s coincided with the a recession that struck the United States, and the city in particular, that would lead to the closure of several steel mills in the early 1980s. The teams success was credited with giving people in the city hope and leading to the increased fan base. Due to economic uncertainty in the area, many Steelers fans relocated to other areas but retained their identification with the Steelers as a reflection of their former hometowns steel industrial base. During the lead up to Super Bowl XIII between the Steelers and the Dallas Cowboys, Phil Musick contrasted the Dallas and Pittsburgh fans by saying that Dallas is superfan Whistling Ray and a hat that sprays the unsuspecting with water; Pittsburgh is a guy in a gorilla suit wholl stove five of your ribs if you laugh at him. Player fan clubs In the 1970s many fans organized fan clubs for their favorite players. Some of these fan clubs included Francos Italian Army, Frenchys Foreign Legion, Gerelas Gorillas, Bradshaws Brigade, Lamberts Lunatics, Dobre Shunka (Good Ham, for Jack Ham),Rocky and the Flying Squirrels, Shells Bombers, and Russells Raiders among others. Today Since the 1970s, the Steelers have enjoyed a large fan base and have eclipsed the Pittsburgh Pirates as the most popular sports team in Pittsburgh. While the teams success gained it a large fan base nationally, many consider the collapse of the citys steel industry to have been a cause for the strong fan base in other cities, demonstrated when teams whose home turnout would otherwise require a local blackout on television end up selling out when hosting the Steelers. The Cincinnati Bengals are perhaps the best example of this, as throughout the 1990s, the team usually only sold out home games when playing against the Steelers. Another instance of the teams large fan base was at Super Bowl XL, where an ESPN.com columnist suggested that Steelers fans outnumbered Seattle Seahawks fans more than 25 to 1. In November 2007, a study by Turnkey Sports found that the Steelers brand was the strongest in its local market of any team in the NHL, NBA, MLB or NFL. Another study found that the percentage of female fans in the Pittsburgh market was more than double the average. Comparison to other NFL fans Attempts at quantifying the loyalty of Steeler Nation relative to other NFL fan bases have shown mixed results. A 2006 study by the American City Business Journals placed the teams fans 21st out of 32 teams in the league, behind all three of its division rivals in the AFC North. The study found that although the team had been selling out games for years, some fans were not actually attending the games, and Pittsburghs weekly turnout percentage for home games was 16th in the league. That ranking was down seven slots from the publications survey conducted in 1997, which ranked Steeler Nation 14th out of 30 teams, partly due to fans leaving nearly 10 percent of the seats in the stadium empty. Conversely, A 2008 study from Forbes.com ranked Pittsburgh fans 8th overall, citing amongst other things a long season-ticket waiting list. A 2008 article for ESPN.com ranked Steelers fans as the best in the NFL, citing their unbelievable sellout streak of 299 consecutive games. Criticism Like other large and vocal fan bases, such as the Cleveland Browns Dawg Pound or fans of the New York Yankees, Steeler Nation has at times been presented in an unflattering light, especially by fans of other teams. They have occasionally been described in unflattering terms by sports journalists in other cities. For example, prior to Super Bowl XLIII, the Phoenix New Times warned fans of the Arizona Cardinals that Steelers fans were the grubbiest, loudest, and nastiest fan base in all of sports - as well as one of the largest and being the only NFL team based in Appalachia, that they were white trash and hillbillies. Steelers fans have also been singled out by newspapers in rival cities for inappropriate behavior during games - a common problem in the NFL Anti–Steeler Nation sentiment has grown strong enough that in some cases, front offices for other teams have taken steps to keep Pittsburgh fans out of games in their cities. Instead of being permitted to buy tickets to a Chargers-Steelers game in San Diego, for instance, they were required to pay for tickets to two other games, as well. In other cases, teams refused to sell tickets to fans calling from Pittsburghs 412 area code, and they encouraged fans who were selling their own tickets to do the same. Steelers President Art Rooney II complained to the NFL about the situation, but his grievance was not well received. Famous fans One notable members of Steeler Nation include President Barack Obama, rapper Snoop Dogg, actors Burt Reynolds and Michael Keaton, former MLB pitcher Curt Schilling, former CIA Director Michael Hayden, talk show host Rush Limbaugh, Bishop Thomas J. Tobin of the Diocese of Providence, Rhode Island, country music legend Hank Williams, Jr., author John Grisham, actor Verne Troyer, musician Bret Michaels, and PGA Tour golfer Jim Furyk. Research Papers on Biography of The Pitsburgh SteelersThe Hockey GameAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2The Spring and AutumnResearch Process Part OneHip-Hop is ArtThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationTwilight of the UAW